附註:"Proceedings of the Florida State University Neuroscience Program Symposium on the Biology of Early Influences, held March 6-8, 1998, in Tallahassee, Florida"--Title page verso.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Mechanisms of activity-dependent motoneuron development and survival in the chick embryo / Ronald W. Oppenheim -- Cochlear influences on development of the brainstem auditory system / Thomas N. Parks -- Early influences on gustatory development / David L. Hill -- Influence of early salt diet on taste and blood pressure in rats / Robert J. Contreras -- The role of early experience in olfactory bulb cell survival / Brett Johnson and Michael Leon -- Transneuronal signals for afferent regulation in the chick auditory system / Richard L. Hyson -- The developmental influence of inhibitory synaptic transmission / Dan H. Sanes, Vibhakar C. Kotak, and Kent K. Fitzgerald -- Metamorphosis as midlife crisis : what to do with the leftover neurons? / Janis C. Weeks -- Development of the olfactory system in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis / Gail D. Burd -- Afferent regulation of developmental fate in the songbird telencephalon / Frank Johnson -- The effects of neuronal growth and social experience on the development of behavioral plasticity / Donald H. Edwards.
摘要:The role of experience is crucial in the development of the nervous system. The definition of experience includes neural activity, hormonal environment, and social interactions, as well as exposure to sensory stimuli. There are a variety of organism-environment interactions that guide the development of the nervous system. There is evidence that early sensory experiences enhance brain development and make for a more intelligent adult. A common theme throughout the book is the biological mechanism of early experiential influences in neural development. The book covers three stages of development: (1) embryonic or perinatal manipulations; (2) manipulations early after birth or hatching; (3) major periods of transformation in the organism's life. The first stimuli felt by an organism is at the embryonic stage. For example, the expression of prenatal reflexes and movements regulates the life and death of developing neurons and is necessary for the normal development of the nervous system. Another example is the sensory system, the development of which starts before the organism has any sensory input. Furthermore, interactions between a pregnant or nursing female and her environment can influence the environment experienced by her offspring. As regards the organism's development right after birth, evidence suggests that sensory deprivation of a particular system may lead to the death of its neurons. Experiments have been conducted on the olfactory bulb in the rodent and chick auditory systems. The major periods of transformation refer to clear changes in neural structure and function. One of the most extraordinary transformations observed in developing organisms is metamorphosis. During this stage, some neurons may die, others alter their anatomy, take on a new function, and die at a later time. In some organisms, an entirely new sensory epithelium is formed, while in others, learned behavioral changes become biologically possible due to growth of cells that comprise
