附註:Includes bibliographical references.
Assessment -- Methodology -- The Flow and Management of Municipal Solid Waste -- Incineration Project Summary -- Waste as Fuel -- Waste Generation and Composition -- Heating Value -- Waste Surveys/Forecasts -- Institutional Framework -- Waste Sector -- Energy Sector -- Incineration Plant Organization and Management -- Incineration Plant Economics and Finance -- Economics -- Financing -- Cost-Benefit Assessment -- The Project Cycle -- Feasibility Phase -- Project Preparation Phase -- Project Implementation Phase -- Socio-Economic Aspects and Stakeholder Participation -- Technical -- Technical Plant Overview -- Plant Location -- Site Feasibility Assessment -- Incineration Technology -- Pretreatment of Waste -- Design and Layout of the Mass Burning Incineration System -- Energy Recovery -- Air Pollution Control -- Volume and Composition of the Flue Gas -- Environmental Standards -- Air Pollution Control Technology -- APC Systems Overview -- Induced Draft Fan and Stack -- Incineration Residues -- Slag -- Grate Siftings -- Boiler and Fly Ash -- Residues from Dry and Semidry Flue Gas Treatment -- Sludges from Water Treatment -- Spent Adsorbent from Dioxin Filters -- Operation and Maintenance -- Typical Plant Organization and Staffing -- Crucial Supplies and External Services -- Training of Workers, Codes of Practice, and Occupational Safety and Health -- Environmental Impact and Occupational Health.
摘要:Solid waste management is in crisis in many of the world's largest urban areas as populations attracted to cities continues to grow. This has led to ever increasing quantities of domestic solid waste while space for disposal decreases. Municipal managers are looking to the development of sanitary landfills around the periphery of their cities as a first solution. However, siting and preparation of a landfill requires the acquisition of large areas as well as good day-to-day operation in order to minimize potential negative environmental impacts. Another approach that has recently caught the attention of decision makers is mass burn incineration similar to systems found in the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. However, capital and operating requirements for these plants are generally an order of magnitude greater than required for landfills. Project developers armed with rosy financial forecasts can be found all corners of the globe encouraging municipal officials to consider incineration. The Bank has begun a program of providing high-level advice on approaches that are basically financially self-supporting, socially and environmentally responsible. This technical guidance report provides the foundation for such a detailed evaluation of solid waste incineration systems.
