附註:Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-44).
""Improving the Accuracy of Early Cost Estimates for Federal Construction Projects""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Executive Summary""; ""PUTTING THE PROBLEM IN PERSPECTIVE""; ""COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""1 Introduction ""; ""STUDY SCOPE AND EMPHASIS""; ""CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATING TERMINOLOGY""; ""FOCUS OF THE REPORT""; ""2 Factors Other Than Estimates That Contribute to Budget-Related Problems ""; ""ELEMENTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS""; ""Identification of User Needs""; ""Preliminary Screening of User Requests""; ""Development of a Program of Requirements""
""Development of a Concept/Schematic Design""""Development of Contract Documents and a Final Estimate""; ""Award of a Construction Contract""; ""KEYS TO A SUCCESSFUL PROJECT""; ""Accurate Definition of User Needs""; ""Effective Management of Design""; ""Well-prepared Construction Documents""; ""Effective Construction Execution""; ""COMMITTEE SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE PROCESS""; ""Involvement of Federal Personnel""; ""Procedures to Ensure Accurate Statements of User Needs""; ""3 Procedures Currently Used by Federal Agencies to Prepare Early Estimates ""; ""PRE-PROGRAMMING ESTIMATES""
""PROGRAM ESTIMATES""""CONCEPT/SCHEMATIC AND DESIGN DEVELOPMENT ESTIMATES""; ""COMMITTEE OBSERVATIONS""; ""4 Suggestions for Improving the Early Estimating Procedures for Federal Agencies ""; ""INTERAGENCY COOPERATION""; ""Standardization of Terminology""; ""Standardization of Estimating Formats""; ""Joint Research Efforts""; ""Pooling of Cost Data""; ""THE IMPORTANCE OF A-E ESTIMATORS""; ""USE OF PARAMETRIC ESTIMATES""; ""USE OF PROBABILISTIC ESTIMATING""; ""Appendix A The Views of Agency Representatives on the Nature and Causes of Budget-Related Problems ... ""
""Appendix B The Construction Budget Preparation Process at the Naval Facilities Engineering Command """"Appendix C The Construction Budget Preparation Process at IBM Corporation ""; ""Appendix D Current Procedures for Preparing Early Estimates ""; ""SINGLE UNIT ESTIMATES""; ""Estimates Based on Function-of-Use Units""; ""Estimates Based on Areas or Volume""; ""The Factoring Method of Preparing Budget Estimates""; ""MULTI-ELEMENT ESTIMATES""; ""Elemental Format""; ""CSI Format""; ""PARAMETRIC ESTIMATES""; ""PROBABILISTIC ESTIMATING AND RANGE ESTIMATING""
