附註:Title from PDF title page.
"Third printing."
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Use of electrolytes in fluid replacement solutions: what have we learned from intestinal absorption studies? / Carl V. Gisolfi -- Formulation of carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages / David R. Lamb -- Considerations for replacement beverages: fluid-electrolyte balance and heat illness / Lawrence E. Armstrong -- Carbohydrate supplements during and immediately post exercise / John L. Ivy -- Gastric emptying during exercise: influence of carbohydrate concentration, carbohydrate source and exercise intensity / Carl Foster -- Interaction of water bioavailability, thermoregulation and exercise performance / Michael N. Sawka, P. Darrell Neufer -- Timing of carbohydrate supplementation during prolonged strenuous exercise / Edward F. Coyle, Andrew R. Coggan -- Acute diarrheal diseases / Robert Whang -- Potassium deficiency as the result of training in hot weather / James P. Knochel -- Shift in body fluid compartments after dehydration in humans / Hiroshi Nose [and others] -- Role of osmolality and plasma volume during rehydration in humans / Hiroshi Nose [and others].
Palatability and fluid intake / Barbara J. Rolls -- Solute model or cellular energy model? Practical and theoretical aspects of thirst during exercise / Roger W. Hubbard, Patricia C. Szlyk, Lawrence E. Armstrong -- Environmental issues that influence intake of replacement beverages / John E. Greenleaf -- Changes in plasma volume during heat exposure in young and older men / Suzanne M. Fortney, Elizabeth Miescher.
摘要:Advances in our understanding of the value of carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions have come from information derived from two major fields of study -- exercise physiology and sports nutrition--and from research on diarrheal diseases. Research in the first area has been concerned with physical performance, primarily of athletes. Research results have demonstrated that even small fluid deficits have adverse effects on performance through elevated heart rates, reduced sweat rates, and elevated body temperature. Glucose-electrolyte solutions have been found useful in rehydration and in preventing dehydration. Carbohydrate is needed to facilitate sodium and water absorption. Other ions may or may not be needed, depending on sweat losses or losses from the gastrointestinal tract. Advances in exercise physiology also have demonstrated the value of carbohydrate solutions in providing energy for muscular activity in endurance events that last at least 60 minutes and involve vigorous exercise. Military personnel are often called upon to perform heavy physical activity during training or combat conditions in very hot environments--either dry climates, as in Middle-Eastern deserts, or under humid tropical conditions. The resultant high sweat rates can lead to dehydration. In some cases, the subjects may be acclimated to heat, but in others (for example, in basic training, or in emergency troop deployment to the tropics) they may not, and may thus be vulnerable to extensive electrolyte losses. This problem could be accentuated when personnel have been given garrison or field rations with reduced sodium to meet prudent dietary goals established for the general population in 1989 by the Diet and Health Committee of the Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences.
