附註:Title from title screen.
Includes bibliographical references.
""INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARKING OF US IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH""; ""Copyright""; ""PREFACE""; ""CONTENTS""; ""EXECUTIVE SUMMARY""; ""1 INTRODUCTION""; ""1.1 HOW IMPORTANT IS IT FOR THE UNITED STATES TO LEAD IN IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH?""; ""1.2 WHAT IS IMMUNOLOGY?""; ""1.3 IMMUNOLOGY AS AN ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE""; ""1.4 WHAT IS THE INTERNATIONAL NATURE OF IMMUNOLOGY?""; ""1.5 WHAT ARE SOME CAVEATS?""; ""1.6 PANEL CHARGE AND RATIONALE""; ""2 BENCHMARKING RESULTS""; ""2.1 METHODS""; ""2.1.1 Reputation Survey""; ""2.1.2 Citation Analysis""; ""2.1.3 Journal Publication Analysis""; ""2.2 RESULTS""
""2.2.1 Reputation Survey""""2.2.2 Citation Analysis""; ""2.2.3 Journal Publication Analysis""; ""2.3 SUMMARY""; ""3 KEY FACTORS""; ""3.1 FUNDING""; ""3.2 HUMAN RESOURCES""; ""3.3 INFRASTRUCTURE""; ""3.4 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND PHARMACEUTICAL FIRMS""; ""3.5 THE CLINICAL TRIAL""; ""4 LIKELY FUTURE POSITION""; ""4.1 FUNDING AND RESOURCE LIMITATIONS""; ""4.2 INCREASED COMPETITION FROM EUROPE AND OTHER COUNTRIES""; ""4.3 CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND THE SHIFT TOWARD HMOS""; ""4.4 TRAINING OF US STUDENTS""; ""5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS""
""5.1 THE UNITED STATES IS THE WORLD LEADER IN ALL THE MAJOR SUBFIELDS OF IMMUNOLOGY BUT IS ONLY AMONG THE WORLD LEADERS IN�""""5.2 FLEXIBILITY TO PURSUE ORIGINAL AND INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IDEAS HAS ATTRACTED BOTH DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL HUMAN�""; ""5.3 INDUSTRIAL INTERESTS HAVE FOSTERED MANY STRIKING BREAKTHROUGHS IN IMMUNOLOGY""; ""5.4 A SCARCITY OF LARGE-SCALE CLINICAL TRIALS IN IMMUNOLOGY CAN BE ATTRIBUTED TO SHORTAGES OF FUNDING AND OF QUALIFIED�""; ""5.5 SHIFTING FEDERAL AND INDUSTRY PRIORITIES, A POTENTIAL REDUCTION IN ACCESS TO DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN TALENT, AND THE�""
摘要:To be leaders in healthcare and to help maintain a vibrant economy, it is critical that the United States lead the world in immunological research and its clinical applications. The rapid application of immunology's fundamental discoveries has allowed them to contribute to the societal and economic well-being of our country over the past 30 years. The Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (COSEPUP) Panel on International Benchmarking of US Immunology Research examined the leadership status of the United States in immunology. The panel was not able to assess this question in an objective way, but it used the expertise and judgment of its members and the limited information available to conclude that the United States is the world leader in immunology. US dominance is also evident in the major subfields of immunology -- cellular immunology, molecular immunology, immunogenetics, and clinical aspects of immunology.
