摘要:"Material characterizations is the measurement and determination of a material's physical, chemical, mechanical, and microstructural properties. This technique provides the greater degree of awareness required to handle significant issues such as failure causes and process-related concerns, as well as allowing the manufacturer to make critical material decisions. The field of materials characterization is vast and diverse. Perhaps the best place to begin is at the beginning, with the first principle to consider being the depth to which characterization promotes the discovery of new materials: Measuring a material's property allows for experimental improvement; Taking unique measurements allows for distinction through improvement in specific areas; and Understanding the compositional and structural foundations of material attributes allows for rationally designed improvements. Material characterizations is a crucial step to conduct before using the materials for any purpose. To ensure that the material under consideration can perform without failure during the life of the final product, it might be subjected to mechanical, thermal, chemical, optical, electrical, and other characterizations, depending on the purpose. This book focuses on the most extensively used experimental approaches for structural, morphological, and spectroscopic material characterization. One of the most important aspects of this book is the discussion of recent results in a wide range of experimental techniques and their application to the quantification of material properties. Furthermore, it covers the practical elements of the analytical techniques used to characterize a wide range of functional materials (both in bulk as well as thin film form) in a simple but thorough manner. For a wide range of readers, from beginners and graduate students to expert specialists in academia and industry, the book gives an overview of frequently used characterization approaches. One of my main aims in pr
